Risk factor analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma with vessels encapsulating tumor clusters and the application value of its risk scoring model / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) and the application value of its risk scoring model.Methods:The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 149 patients with HCC who were admitted to two medical centers, including 97 cases in the Jiangnan University Medical Center and 52 cases in the Affiliated Xingtai People′s Hospital of Hebei Medical University, from January 2017 to April 2020 were collected. There were 116 males and 33 females, aged (58±12)years. There were 74 cases with VETC and 75 cases without VETC. Observation indica-tors: (1) clinical characteristics of patients with and without VETC; (2) imaging features of patients with and without VETC; (3) multivariable analysis of HCC patients with VETC; (4) construction of VETC related risk scoring model and its performance evaluation; (5) postoperative early tumor recurrence of patients with and without VETC who were confirmed by risk scoring model and histopathological examination. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the t test. Count data were described as absolutes, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test and continuous correction chi-square test. Variables of clinical and imaging characteristics with statistically signifi-cant were included in the multivariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was conducted using the Logistic regression model of backward stepwise selection. VETC related risk scoring model was constructed based on the results of Logistic regression model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the area under curve (AUC), the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and their 95% confidence interval ( CI) were calculated. The maximizing Youden index was the optimal cutoff value for VETC prediction. The Hosmer Lemeshow goodness of fit test was used to assess the consistency between VETC risk scoring model predicted VTEC status and the true VETC status. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rates and draw survival curves. The Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. Results:(1) Clinical characteristics of patients with and without VETC. Cases with postoperative albumin <36 g/L were 57 in patients with VETC, versus 68 in patients without VETC, respectively, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=5.13, P<0.05). (2) Imaging features of patients with and without VETC. Cases with lesion imaging presence as nonperipheral washout, cases with lesion imaging presence as mosaic architecture, cases with lesion imaging presence as intratumoral hemorrhage, cases with lesion imaging presence as corona enhancement, cases with lesion imaging presence as non-smooth tumor margin, cases with lesion imaging presence as peritumoral enhancement in arterial phase, cases with lesion imaging presence as intratumoral arteries, cases with lesion imaging presence as peritumoral hypointensity in hepatobiliary phase, cases with lesion imaging enhancement type as uniform low enhancement, uniform high enhance-ment, heterogeneous enhancement with septations and heterogeneous enhancement with irregular ring-like structures, cases with intratumoral necrosis or ischemic, cases with tumor diameter >5 cm were 73, 35, 33, 15, 39, 28, 42, 27, 4, 5, 27, 38, 45, 46 in patients with VETC, versus 64, 16, 13, 3, 19, 15, 9, 13, 9, 35, 5, 26, 10, 10 in patients without VETC, respectively, showing significant differences in the above indicators between them ( χ2=8.92, 11.15, 12.97, 9.28, 11.74, 5.77, 33.14, 6.96, 41.79, 36.05, 37.86, P<0.05). (3) Multivariable analysis of patients with VETC. Results of multivariable analysis showed that lesion imaging enhancement as heterogeneous enhancement with septations, lesion imaging enhancement as heterogeneous enhancement with irregular ring-like structures, intratumoral necrosis or ischemia and tumor diameter >5 cm were independent risk factors influen-cing patients with VETC ( odds ratio=4.18, 7.62, 4.23, 4.08, 95% CI as 1.60?11.60, 2.00?31.70, 1.71?10.90, 1.60?10.80), P<0.05). (4) Construction of VETC related risk scoring model and its performance evaluation. The VETC related risk scoring model was constructed as (heterogeneous enhancement with septations, presence: 1.0, absence: 0)+(heterogeneous enhancement with irregular ring-like structures, presence: 1.5, absence: 0)+(intratumoral necrosis or ischemia, presence: 1.0, absence: 0)+(main tumor diameter >5 cm, presence: 1.0, absence: 0). The AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of VETC related risk scoring model were 0.86 (95% CI as 0.80?0.92), 79.7% (95% CI as 69.2%?87.3%), 80.0% (95% CI as 69.6%?87.5%) and 79.9% (95% CI as 72.7%?85.5%), respectively. Results of Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test showed a good consistency between VETC risk scoring model predicted VETC status and true VETC status ( P>0.05). (5) Postoperative early tumor recurrence of patients with and without VETC who were confirmed by risk scoring model and histopathological examination. All 149 patients were followed up for 29(range, 26?35)months. The time to tumor recurrence and 2-year cumulative tumor recurrence rate of 149 patients were 29(range, 24?33)months and 43.0%, respectively. The 2-year tumor cumulative recurrence rate of patients with and without VETC predicted by risk scoring model was 47.8% and 37.9%, respectively, showing a significant difference between ( χ2=3.90, P<0.05). The 2-year cumulative tumor recurrence rate of patients with and without VETC confirmed by postoperative histopathological examination was 47.4% and 38.1%, respectively, showing a significant difference between ( χ2=4.20, P<0.05). Conclusions:Lesion imaging enhancement as heterogeneous enhancement with septations or irregular ring-like structures, intratumoral necrosis or ischemia and tumor diameter >5 cm are independent risk factors influen-cing HCC patients with VETC. The proposed risk scoring model based on those three risk factors achieves an optimal preoperative diagnostic performance.

Application effect evaluation of the best evidence for the prevention of radial artery occlusion after transradial coronary angiography or intervention / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To apply the best evidence for the prevention of radial artery occlusion after transradial coronary angiography or intervention to clinical practice and evaluate its effect.Methods:This was a quasi-experimental study. Based on the evidence continuous quality improvement model, evidence-based practice method was used to obtain the best evidence, formulated review indicators, analyzed the obstacles in the practice process and took action strategies. The 88 patients who underwent transradial coronary angiography or intervention in the Cardiology Department of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao) from June 1 to 30, 2020 were selected as the baseline review group by convenience sampling. The 94 patients who underwent this treatment from September 1 to 30, 2020 were selected as the evidence application group. The baseline review group used the original perioperative management plan, and the evidence application group used the perioperative management plan based on the best evidence. The implementation rate of each review indicator, the incidence of radial artery occlusion, the degree of compression pain, and the comfort level of patients were compared between the two groups.Results:The implementation rates of review indicators 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 in the evidence application group were 100.0% (94/94), 100.0% (94/94), 11.7(11/94), 88.3% (83/94), 100.0% (94/94), 100.0%(94/94), 85.1%(80/94), respectively, which were higher than those in the baseline review group(all 0), except for the review indicator 4, the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 values were 9.00-178.02, all P<0.05). The incidence of radial artery occlusion and the incidence of pain Numerical Rating Scale>3 points in the evidence application group were 2.1% (2/94) and 3.2% (3/94), respectively, which were lower than 14.8% (13/88) and 23.9% (21/88) in the baseline review group; the comfort level of patients in the evidence application group was 96.8% (91/94), which was higher than 63.6% (56/88) in the baseline review group. The differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 8.01, 15.21, 30.10, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The best evidence for the prevention of radial artery occlusion after transradial coronary angiography or intervention can be applied to clinical practice, which can standardize the behavior of medical staff, reduce the incidence of postoperative radial artery occlusion, reduce the degree of compression pain, and improve the comfort of patients.

Research progress in chemical constituent and pharmacological activity of Punica granatum L / 中国药科大学学报

@#Punica granatum L.(pomegranate) is a medicinal plant belonging to the genus Punica Linn..The peel, seed, flower, leaf and root of P.granatum is widely used as traditional medicine in China.Phytochemical studies showed that the major chemical constituents of P.granatum were tannins, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, phenolic acids, anthocyanins, fatty acids, etc.Biological studies on extracts and active ingredients of P.granatum show some bioactivities, such as antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antibacterial activities.Herein, the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of different parts of pomegranate were reviewed, providing a theoretical basis for the further research and utilization of pomegranate.

Ten-year changes in clinical characteristics and antiviral treatment patterns of chronic hepatitis B in China: a CR-HepB-based real-world study / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To understand ten-year changes in clinical characteristics and antiviral treatment patterns of chronic hepatitis B in China. Methods: Patients with chronic HBV infection:demographic, virologic, hematologic, blood biochemistry, and antiviral treatment data were extracted from the China Registry of Hepatitis B (CR-HepB) database between 2012 and 2022 for descriptive statistics and change trend analysis. Multiple group comparisons were conducted using the Kruskal Wallis H test, while counting data was compared between groups using χ (2) test. Results: A total of 180 012 patients with chronic HBV infection were included, with a median age of 40 years old, and a male proportion accounting for 60.2%. The HBeAg positive rate was 43.3%. Over time, the median age of new patients each year increased from 39 to 47 years, while the HBeAg positive rate decreased from 51.3% to 32.8%. The initial diagnosis of patients was mainly CHB (71.4%), followed by hepatitis B cirrhosis (11.8%), inactive HBsAg carrier status (10.6%), and chronic HBV carrier status (6.2%). Among the newly registered patients every year from 2012 to 2022, the proportion of hepatitis B cirrhosis remained stable, but after 2019, the proportion of CHB increased and the proportion of other diagnoses decreased. The proportion of patients with cirrhosis increased with age in different age groups, with 3.5%, 19.3%, and 30.4% in the < 40, 40-69, and≥70 age groups, respectively. The proportion of women in patients with cirrhosis also increased with age, from 16.1% in those < 30 years old to 44.3% in those≥80 years old. From 2012 to 2022, the proportion of patients receiving first-line nucleos(t)ide analog antiviral treatment increased year by year, from 51.0% in 2012-2013 to 99.8% in 2022. Conclusion: The CR-HepB registration data reflect the changes in clinical characteristics and antiviral treatment patterns in patients with chronic HBV infection in China over the past ten years and can thus provide a reference to promote hepatitis B diagnosis and treatment practice, as well as scientific research.

Hepatic pathological characteristics and factors influencing alanine transaminase value below twice the upper limit of normal in patients with chronic hepatitis B / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To analyze the hepatic pathological characteristics and factors influencing an alanine transaminase value below twice the upper limit of normal in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and further explore the optimal ALT threshold strategy for initiating antiviral therapy. Methods: Clinical data of treatment-naïve CHB patients who underwent liver biopsies from January 2010 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected. Multiple regression models were used to explore the ALT levels and significant risk of hepatic histological changes (≥G2/S2). Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the value of different models in diagnosing liver tissue inflammation≥G2 or fibrosis ≥ S2. Results: A total of 447 eligible CHB patients, with a median age of 38.0 years and 72.9% males, were included. During ALT normalization, there was significant liver inflammation (≥G2) and fibrosis (≥S2) in 66.9% and 53.0% of patients, respectively. With an ALT rise of 1-2×ULN, the proportions of liver inflammation≥G2 and fibrosis≥S2 were 81.2% and 60.0%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, higher ALT levels (> 29 U/L) were found to be associated with significant liver inflammation (OR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.11 ~ 4.77) and fibrosis (OR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.10 ~ 3.09). After the measurement of glutamyltransferase-platelet ratio (GPR), the proportion of CHB patients with≥G2/S2 was significantly reduced under different treatment thresholds of ALT standards, and in particular, the erroneous evaluation of liver fibrosis≥S2 was significantly improved (33.5% to 57.5%). Conclusion: More than half of CHB patients have a normal ALT or one within 2 × ULN, regardless of whether or not there is apparent inflammation and fibrosis. GPR can significantly improve the precise assessment of different conditions of treatment thresholds for the ALT value in CHB patients.

Advances in Research Methods of Tumor Angiogenesis / 肿瘤防治研究

Nowadays, angiogenesis has gradually become one of the most popular research directions of cancer since Jodah Folkman put forward a theory about that tumor development needs angiogenesis. Meanwhile, relevant research methods are enriched step by step. In this paper, we have made a systematic review to provide methodological references for subsequent studies about tumor angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy.

The impact of extended waiting time on tumor regression after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the influence of extending the waiting time on tumor regression after neoadjuvant chemoradiology (nCRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Methods: Clinicopathological data from 728 LARC patients who completed nCRT treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University from January 2012 to December 2021 were collected for retrospective analysis. The primary research endpoint was the sustained complete response (SCR). There were 498 males and 230 females, with an age (M(IQR)) of 58 (15) years (range: 22 to 89 years). Logistic regression models were used to explore whether waiting time was an independent factor affecting SCR. Curve fitting was used to represent the relationship between the cumulative occurrence rate of SCR and the waiting time. The patients were divided into a conventional waiting time group (4 to <12 weeks, n=581) and an extended waiting time group (12 to<20 weeks, n=147). Comparisons regarding tumor regression, organ preservation, and surgical conditions between the two groups were made using the t test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, or χ2 test as appropriate. The Log-rank test was used to elucidate the survival discrepancies between the two groups. Results: The SCR rate of all patients was 21.6% (157/728). The waiting time was an independent influencing factor for SCR, with each additional day corresponding to an OR value of 1.010 (95%CI: 1.001 to 1.020, P=0.031). The cumulative rate of SCR occurrence gradually increased with the extension of waiting time, with the fastest increase between the 9th to <10th week. The SCR rate in the extended waiting time group was higher (27.9%(41/147) vs. 20.0%(116/581), χ2=3.901, P=0.048), and the organ preservation rate during the follow-up period was higher (21.1%(31/147) vs. 10.7%(62/581), χ2=10.510, P=0.001). The 3-year local recurrence/regrowth-free survival rates were 94.0% and 91.1%, the 3-year disease-free survival rates were 76.6% and 75.4%, and the 3-year overall survival rates were 95.6% and 92.2% for the conventional and extended waiting time groups, respectively, with no statistical differences in local recurrence/regrowth-free survival, disease-free survival and overall survival between the two groups (χ2=1.878, P=0.171; χ2=0.078, P=0.780; χ2=1.265, P=0.261). Conclusions: An extended waiting time is conducive to tumor regression, and extending the waiting time to 12 to <20 weeks after nCRT can improve the SCR rate and organ preservation rate, without increasing the difficulty of surgery or altering the oncological outcomes of patients.

Current status and future perspectives on the methods of prognosis evaluation for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma / 中华外科杂志

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary malignant tumor in the liver after hepatocellular carcinoma. Its incidence and mortality rates have increased worldwide in recent years. Surgical resection is the best treatment modality for ICC;however,the overall prognosis remains poor. Accurate evaluation of post operative prognosis allows personalized treatment and improved long-term outcomes of ICC. The American Joint Commission on Cancer TNM staging manual is the basis for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of ICC;however,the contents of stage T and stage N need to be improved. The nomogram model or scoring system established in the analysis of commonly used clinicopathological parameters can provide individualized prognostic evaluation and improve prediction accuracy;however,more studies are needed to validate the results before clinical use. Meanwhile,imaging features exhibit great potential to establish the post operative prognosis evaluation system for ICC. Molecular-based classification provides an accurate guarantee for prognostic assessment as well as selection of populations that are sensitive to targeted therapy or immunotherapy. Therefore,the establishment of a prognosis evaluation system,based on clinical and pathological characteristics and centered on the combination of multidisciplinary and multi-omics,will be conducive to improving the long-term outcomes of ICC after surgical resection in the context of big medical data.

Primary cardiac angiosarcoma: a clinicopathological and molecular genetic analysis of thirteen cases / 中华病理学杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological and molecular features of primary cardiac angiosarcoma (PCAS), and to analyze the correlation between KDR mutation and the clinicopathological features of PCAS. Methods: Thirteen cases of PCAS were collected at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2007 to December 2021. The clinicopathological features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and outcome were retrospectively analyzed. KDR mutation was detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and then the expression of KDR (VEGFR2) was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), with review of relevant literatures. Results: There were eight males and five females with a mean age of 45 years. The primary tumor was in the right atrium in 10 cases, left atrium in two cases and right ventricle in one case. The histomorphology was mainly poorly differentiated angiosarcoma (11 cases), with highly pleomorphic spindle or round cells in solid sheets, brisk mitotic activity and extensive necrosis. Vascular lumen formation was observed in two cases of high to moderate differentiation, and biphenotypic differentiation was seen in five cases. IHC staining showed CD34, CD31, Fli1, ERG and vimentin were diffusely positive, pan-cytokeratin was positive, Ki-67 index ranged from 3% to 90%, which was positively correlated with the differentiation degree and grade of the PCASs (P<0.05). At the end of follow-up period, one patient was alive, two patients were lost to follow-up, and the remaining 10 patients had an average survival time of 4.6 months. Finally, NGS sequencing was performed on seven samples after screening, and the results showed that KDR and NF1 mutations were both present in three cases. VEGFR2 expression had no significant correlation with the differentiation degree and grade of PCAS (P>0.05), and it was not related to KDR mutation. Conclusions: PCASs mainly occur in the right atrium, and are mainly poorly differentiated. Ki-67 index is helpful to assess the degree and grade of tumor differentiation. The occurrence and development of PCAS may be related to the pathway involved in KDR mutation, but KDR mutation has no clear correlation with clinicopathological characteristics of PCAS, and immunohistochemical staining can not replace gene detection to determine whether the tumor had KDR mutation.

Progress in research of relationship between metal or metalloid and persistent organic pollutants exposures and cardiovascular disease / 中华流行病学杂志

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality and healthy life expectancy loss, ranking first in causing the global burden of disease. In addition to the traditional CVD risk factors, such as hypertension and diabetes, environmental chemical pollutants may also play a role in the development of CVD. This paper summarizes the evidence regarding the relation of exposures to metal or metalloid and persistent organic pollutants with risk for CVD and introduces the research progress in the relation between the exposures to two environmental chemical pollutants and CVD risk. The study aims to provide scientific evidence for the effective prevention of CVD through the management of chemical pollutants in environment.

Treatment of neovascular glaucoma by anti-vascular endothelial growth factor combined with ultrasonic ciliary plasty / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of ultrasonic ciliary plasty(UCP)combined with injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma(NVG).METHODS: A total of 30 NVG patients(30 eyes)admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from September 2020 to September 2021 were selected. After admission, all the eyes of the patients were injected with anti-VEGF drug(ranibizumab). After surgery, 15 patients were randomly selected for UCP treatment(UCP group), and the other 15 patients received trabeculectomy(trabeculectomy group). During the 10mo postoperative follow-up, the decrease of intraocular pressure was compared between the two groups and the changes of the degree of ocular pain and the occurrence of related complications were evaluated at each follow-up visit.RESULTS: The intraocular pressure and pain degree of the UCP and trabeculectomy groups were significantly lower than those before operation, and the complication probability of the UCP group was less than that of the trabeculectomy group.CONCLUSION: With fewer complications and high safety, UCP combined with anti-VEGF injection can effectively control intraocular pressure and pain in NVG patients.

Clinical application of ArcScan Insight 100 very high-frequency digital ultrasound scanner in ophthalmology / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

ArcScan Insight 100 very high-frequency(VHF)digital ultrasound scanner is a new ocular ultrasonic measuring instrument, which can detect and measure the anterior segment. It can be used for screening before corneal refractive surgery and follow-up after corneal refractive surgery, measuring anterior segment parameters before implantable collamer lens(ICL)implantation, predicting preoperative vault, measuring postoperative vault, early screening keratoconus, and diagnosing glaucoma, cataract and eye injuries, etc. Taking the advantages of a wide range examination of ultrasound biomicroscope(UBM)and simple operation of optical coherence tomography(OCT), it has a broad prospect for clinical application. In this paper, the measurement principle, application method, parameters and clinical application progress of ArcScan Insight 100 VHF digital ultrasound scanner are reviewed in detail.

Prevalence and risk factors of dry eye patients with corneal epithelial defects: A hospital-based retrospective study / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To analyze the characteristics and correlated risk factors of dry eye patients with corneal epithelial defects.METHODS: Outpatient medical records of dry eye patients with corneal epithelial defects at Peking University Third Hospital from July 2018 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients' data including sex, age, visit date, presence of comorbidities, and meteorological indicators at the same period were statistically analyzed.RESULTS: A total of 291 dry eye patients with corneal epithelial defects, of whom 75.3% were female, were retrospectively analyzed. Young patients aged 21-30 made up the most(26.5%), while the proportion of teenagers(<18 years, 5.8%)and the elderly(≥61 years, 17.2%)was low. However, as the largest proportion of this population, young and middle-aged patients tend to experience fewer visits(5.4±12.4). Spring and winter were the main seasons of complaints. The meteorological indicators at the same period including fine-particulate matter with a median aerometric diameter of less than 10μm(PM10), sulfur dioxide(SO2), nitrogen dioxide(NO2), and reduced average relative humidity were found significantly correlated with dry eye corneal epithelial defects(P<0.05). Conjunctivitis, cataracts, blurred vision, and trichiasis ranked the top four comorbidities.CONCLUSION: Dry eye corneal epithelial defects of young and female population cannot be ignored. PM10, SO2, NO2, and reduced humidity are found significantly correlated with dry eye corneal epithelial defects. For dry eye patients with conjunctivitis, cataracts, blurred vision, and trichiasis, more attention should be paid to their corneal conditions.

Component identification and analysis in vivo of Sanhan Huashi formula / 中国中药杂志

Sanhan Huashi formula(SHF) is the intermediate of a newly approved traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) Sanhan Huashi Granules for the treatment of COVID-19 infection. The chemical composition of SHF is complex since it contains 20 single herbal medicines. In this study, UHPLC-Orbitrap Exploris 240 was used to identify the chemical components in SHF and in rat plasma, lung and feces after oral administration of SHF, and heat map was plotted for characterizing the distribution of the chemical components. Chromatographic separation was conducted on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18)(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) using 0.1% formic acid(A)-acetonitrile(B) as mobile phases in a gradient elution. Electrospray ionization(ESI) source was used to acquire data in positive and negative mode. By reference to quasi-molecular ions and MS/MS fragment ions and in combination with MS spectra of reference substances and compound information in literature reports, 80 components were identified in SHF, including 14 flavonoids, 13 coumarins, 5 lignans, 12 amino-compounds, 6 terpenes and 30 other compounds; 40 chemical components were identified in rat plasma, 27 in lung and 56 in feces. Component identification and characterization of SHF in vitro and in vivo lay foundations for disclosure of its pharmacodynamic substances and elucidation of the scientific connotation.

Engineering the plastic degradation enzyme Ple629 from marine consortium to improve its thermal stability / 生物工程学报

Petrochemical-derived polyester plastics such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) have been widely used. However, the difficulty to be degraded in nature (PET) or the long biodegradation cycle (PBAT) resulted in serious environmental pollution. In this connection, treating these plastic wastes properly becomes one of the challenges of environment protection. From the perspective of circular economy, biologically depolymerizing the waste of polyester plastics and reusing the depolymerized products is one of the most promising directions. Recent years have seen many reports on polyester plastics degrading organisms and enzymes. Highly efficient degrading enzymes, especially those with better thermal stability, will be conducive to their application. The mesophilic plastic-degrading enzyme Ple629 from the marine microbial metagenome is capable of degrading PET and PBAT at room temperature, but it cannot tolerate high temperature, which hampers its potential application. On the basis of the three-dimensional structure of Ple629 obtained from our previous study, we identified some sites which might be important for its thermal stability by structural comparison and mutation energy analysis. We carried out transformation design, and performed expression, purification and thermal stability determination of the mutants. The melting temperature (Tm) values of mutants V80C and D226C/S281C were increased by 5.2 ℃ and 6.9 ℃, respectively, and the activity of mutant D226C/S281C was also increased by 1.5 times compared with that of the wild-type enzyme. These results provide useful information for future engineering and application of Ple629 in polyester plastic degradation.

Expression, purification and characterization of a novel bis (hydroxyethyl) terephthalate hydrolase from Hydrogenobacter thermophilus / 生物工程学报

PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is one of the most important petrochemicals that is widely used in mineral water bottles, food and beverage packaging and textile industry. Because of its stability under environmental conditions, the massive amount of PET wastes caused serious environmental pollution. The use of enzymes to depolymerize PET wastes and upcycling is one of the important directions for plastics pollution control, among which the key is the depolymerization efficiency of PET by PET hydrolase. BHET (bis(hydroxyethyl) terephthalate) is the main intermediate of PET hydrolysis, its accumulation can hinder the degradation efficiency of PET hydrolase significantly, and the synergistic use of PET hydrolase and BHET hydrolase can improve the PET hydrolysis efficiency. In this study, a dienolactone hydrolase from Hydrogenobacter thermophilus which can degrade BHET (HtBHETase) was identified. After heterologous expression in Escherichia coli and purification, the enzymatic properties of HtBHETase were studied. HtBHETase shows higher catalytic activity towards esters with short carbon chains such as p-nitrophenol acetate. The optimal pH and temperature of the reaction with BHET were 5.0 and 55 ℃, respectively. HtBHETase exhibited excellent thermostability, and retained over 80% residual activity after treatment at 80 ℃ for 1 hour. These results indicate that HtBHETase has potential in biological PET depolymerization, which may facilitate the enzymatic degradation of PET.

Exploration of Centralized Purchasing Management Platform for Research Reagent Supplies Based on One-stop Service / 中国医疗器械杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The national requirements for the fund management of scientific research projects are becoming more stringent, so that it is convenient to carry out scientific research work and can strengthen the regulation of scientific research reagent procurement, so this study explores the standardization of the whole process of the procurement of scientific research reagent supplies in hospitals and new modes of management.@*METHODS@#By exploring the implementation of the centralized procurement management platform, we engage in full process supervision before, during, and after the event.@*RESULTS@#Introduction of centralized procurement management platform for scientific research reagent supplies can normalize the procurement process, ensure the quality of procurement and improve the procurement efficiency on the basis of ensuring the quality of scientific research.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The new model of centralized procurement of full process management based on one-stop service for scientific research reagent supplies is an important part of improving the fine scale management of public hospitals, and it is of great significance in improving the level of scientific research in China and avoiding scientific research corruption.

Optical genome mapping analysis of a Chinese pedigree with a rare chromosome 17 paracentric inversion insertion / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To carry out optical genome mapping (OGM) for a Chinese pedigree with a rare paracentric reverse insertion of chromosome 17.@*METHODS@#A high-risk pregnant woman identified at the Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Hangzhou Women's Hospital in October 2021 and her family members were selected as the study subjects. Chromosome G banding analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array) and OGM were applied to verify the balanced structural abnormality of chromosome 17 in the pedigree.@*RESULTS@#Chromosomal karyotyping analysis and SNP array assay have identified a duplication of 17q23q25 in the fetus. Karyotyping analysis of the pregnant woman showed that the structure of chromosome 17 was abnormal, whilst SNP array has detected no abnormality. OGM revealed that the woman has carried a paracentric reverse insertion, which was confirmed by FISH. The karyotype of her husband was normal.@*CONCLUSION@#The duplication of 17q23q25 in the fetus has derived from a paracentric reverse insertion of chromosome 17 in its mother. OGM has the advantage for delineating balanced chromosome structural abnormalities.

Meta-analysis of the effect of hollow nail and bone plate on Lisfranc injury / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy of screw and bone plate internal fixation in the treatment of Lisfranc injury.@*METHODS@#The databases of Wanfang, CNKI, Pubmed, EMBASE, VIP, BIOSIS and other databases were retrieved by computer, and the clinical trial literature from January 1, 2000 to August 1, 2021 was retrieved, the methodological quality of the included studies was strictly evaluated and the data were extracted, and the obtained data were meta-analyzed by Revman 5.4 software.@*RESULTS@#Nine randomized controlled trial literature and 10 retrospective cohort studies were included, of which 416 patients in the experimental group were treated with screw internal fixation, and 435 patients in the control group were treated with bone plate internal fixation. Meta-analysis showed that the surgical time of the bone plate internal fixation group was longer than that of the screw internal fixation group [MD=-14.40, 95%CI(-17.21, -11.60), P<0.000 01], the postoperative X-ray anatomical reduction of the bone plate internal fixation group [MD=0.47, 95%CI(0.25, 0.86), P=0.01], the excellent and good rate of postoperative American orthopedic foot and ankle society(AOFAS) foot function score[MD=0.25, 95%CI(0.15, 0.42), P<0.000 01], postoperative AOFAS foot function score [MD=-5.51, 95%CI(-10.10, -0.92), P=0.02] of the bone plate fixation group was better than those of the screw internal fixation group. Two kinds of operation method had no statistical different for postoperative fracture healing time[MD=1.91, 95%CI(-1.36, 5.18), P=0.25], postoperative visual analgue scale(VAS)[MD=0.38, 95%CI(0.09, 0.86), P=0.11], postoperative complications [MD=1.32, 95%CI(0.73, 2.40), P=0.36], the postoperative infection [MD=0.84, 95%CI(0.48, 1.46), P=0.53], the postoperative fracture internal fixation loosening [MD=1.25, 95% CI(0.61, 2.53), P=0.54], the postoperative incidence of traumatic arthritis [MD=1.80, 95%CI(0.83, 3.91), P=0.14].@*CONCLUSION@#Bone plate fixation has better short-term and medium-term results and lower reoperation rate in the treatment of Lisfranc injury, so it is recommended to use bone plate fixation in the treatment of Lisfranc injury.

Research progress of optical motion capture technology in shoulder biomechanics / 中国骨伤

The shoulder joint is the most flexible joint in the body with the largest range of motion, and the movement pattern is more complex. Accurate capture of three-dimensional motion data of the shoulder joint is crucial for biomechanical evaluation. Optical motion capture systems offer a non-invasive and radiation-free method to capture shoulder joint motion data during complex movements, enabling further biomechanical analysis of the shoulder joint. This review provides a comprehensive overview of optical motion capture technology in the context of shoulder joint movement, including measurement principles, data processing methods to reduce artifacts from skin and soft tissues, factors influencing measurement results, and applications in shoulder joint disorders.